3 axis rotary table

Types of 3 axis rotary tables

A rotary table is a work table with circular motion for boring, milling, forming, drilling, tapping, and other operations on workpieces of any shape. The 3 axis rotary table comes in various styles and sizes, but they all achieve the same goal: to present a workpiece to the cutting tool in any required orientation.

• Horizontal rotary tables:

  In a horizontal rotary table, the axis of the fixture is horizontal. It is generally used for gears and can be divided into common horizontal rotary tables and indexing rotary tables. The former is usually driven by a worm gear and is called worm gear-driven rotary tables. For example, the axis of the fixture can be turned to any angle specified by the operator. The latter allows the operator to select a predetermined number of stops (usually concentric circles). Horizontal rotary tables are used in conjunction with vertical machines.

• Vertical rotary tables:

  As the name suggests, vertical rotary tables have a vertical axis, which is built into CNC mills to facilitate the machining of workpieces in the shape of a cube. The workpiece can be machined from different sides without clamping and repositioning, improving machining accuracy and production efficiency.

• Universal rotary tables:

  A universal table allows the operator to move the fixture's workpiece (which is clamped to the fixture) in addition to rotating it. A universal table can be used for compound operations like boring at an angle or machining multiple intersecting planes in a single set-up.

• Rotary tables with index drives:

  This drive system achieves a set rotation with defined angular accuracy and repeatability without backlash. Generally, the indexing function allows the disk to rotate to specific pre-defined positions with a precise stopping mechanism.

In addition to the above types, there are also CNC 3 axis rotary tables. A 3 axis CNC rotary table is a device that allows for the automated rotation of three axes in a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine. CNC machines are commonly used in various industries for cutting, milling, engraving, and machining operations. The rotary table provides three-dimensional freedom of movement to hold and position workpieces with high precision.

Specifications and maintenance of 3 axis rotary tables

3 Axis CNC Rotary Tables come in different specifications depending on the design for particular machining needs. Three main specifications exist when it comes to rotary tables, which are the sizes, load capacities, and max tilting speed or accuracy.

• Sizes: The diameter of the worktable ranges from small to large. A smaller (10 to 20 cm) table will suit small parts, while bigger tables will suit larger workpieces. For instance, a rotary table with a 15cm tabletop is great for creating small gear teeth. In contrast, a 3 axis rotary table (with" 24 to 36" units will suit machining larger workpieces like weldments.)
• Max load capacity: Some rotary tables have load capacities of up to 1000 kg (2300 lbs). A heavy-load capacity 3 axis rotary machining center will have a bigger worm gear, a stronger driving motor, and a more robust design to withstand heavy parts and greater torque when cutting and positioning.
• Accuracy and speed: The indexing speed of the rotary table (how far it can move within a minute) and the maximum angle it can move (the tilting accuracy) are crucial specifications that determine how well a machining center can position parts and perform work like milling, drilling, and cutting. Rotary tables are designed with different speeds to suit particular building industries. For example, the tilting speed may range up to 45 degrees per second for machining oil rigs where dealing with large, robust parts, while a tilting speed of over 120 degrees per second may suit the aerospace industry for having to work on smaller, lighter, and more complex parts.

When considering a rotary planing table's specifications for a particular job, it is also essential to consider the compatibility of the table with available machines, jigs, clamps, fixtures, and press tools.

Maintenance:

Regular maintenance and timely repairs are critical for the optimal performance and longevity of a 3 axis rotary machining table. Some maintenance requirements include the following:

• Lubrication—applying lubricants to moving parts as per the schedule can greatly enhance longevity and performance.
• Calibration and alignment—conducting periodic calibration and alignment can optimize accuracy and precision in positioning.
• Cleaning—keeping the rotary table free from foreign particles like dirt and chips ensures a consistent machining finish.
• Operating procedures—working with the rotary table according to the manufacturer's prescribed procedures can avoid electrical failures, hydraulic system leaks, component wear, and mechanical issues.

Usage scenarios of 3 axis rotary tables

The 3D rotary tables are used in several application areas.

• Usage in engineering and machining

  In these fields, the rotary table is mounted on a horizontal or vertical spindle. It is a common fixture in CNC machines. With CNC controls, these tables can make complex forms with a high level of automation.

• Usage in metalwork and welding

  These tables are welding aids. They assist welders in holding or moving workpieces in different angles. The workpieces are welded from various directions with ease.

• Usage in education and training

  3D routers are commonly used for demos or training purposes in schools that offer engineering courses.

• Usage in design and product development

  3D rotary tables are used in areas like product design and development. They help designers to make prototypes of products and do tests for patterns and functionality.

• Usage in the jewelry and automotive industry

  These rotary tables are often used in jewelry and automotive industries. They are used for engraving, cutting, and making precise components.

• Usage in arts and crafts

  The 3D rotary tables boost creativity and artisanal skills. Makers use them for painting, sculpting, and transferring patterns. They enhance accuracy and ease of crafts.

• Offshore and on-site services

  In service industries, rotary tables with rigging are used in offshore and on-site applications. They can hold workpieces while doing maintenance, service, or repair at offsite facilities.

How to choose a 3 axis rotary table

When looking for rotary tables for sale, buyers should consider the quality of the product. They should get tables that can withstand wear and tear. The material of the table should be robust and durable. This will ensure it is not easily damaged.

The working capacity of a rotary table is determined by the size. Some have a diameter of 12 inches, but there are also larger machines with a diameter of 50 inches. Buyers should get a machine that will comfortably handle their projects. A bigger table will be required to hold large workpieces and for projects that require more extensive rotation.

Generally, the accuracy of a rotary table is determined by its backlash. As expected, a smaller backlash translates to a higher accuracy level. Buyers should consider the table's backlash when making a purchase. However, they should note that the amount of backlash will vary from one machine to another.

Another essential thing buyers should consider is the weight capacity of the table. A heavier workpiece will be difficult to rotate or spin. They should look for a table that offers the maximum weight capacity required to handle the job.

The method of driving the workpiece is also critical when choosing a rotary table. Tables driven by a worm gear offer greater accuracy, while those driven by a chain drive are more suitable for heavy workpieces. Buyers should get a machine that meets their precision needs and the weight of the workpiece they usually handle.

Ultimately, the choice of rotary table depends on the project. For milling operations that require higher accuracy levels, a gearbox with worm drive gears may be preferred. On the other hand, a chain drive gear may be more suitable for heavyweight milling projects. Buyers should identify their project needs to determine which type of gear works best for their project.

FAQ

Q1: What types of industries use 3 axis rotary tables?

A1: Key industries like manufacturing, aerospace and defense, automotive, healthcare and medical, and robotics all use 3 axis rotary tables. These tables are also common in schools and universities, particularly in vocational training and engineering programs.

Q2: Can a 3 axis rotary table be controlled by CNC?

A2: Yes, a CNC rotary table 3 axis can be controlled by CNC. This allows for automated programming and highly precise, consistent machining.

Q3: Can an axis rotary table be used for welding?

A3: Yes, a rotary positioner can be used for welding. Such tables are very useful for concentric and circumferential welds, especially when seeking fixed-joint mechanisms or rotating to an appropriate angle.

Q4: What is the difference between a 3 axis and a 4 axis rotary table?

A4: A 3 axis rotary table provides three motion axes—commonly left-right, up-down, and depth—and is sufficient to position most workpieces for machining. On the other hand, a 4-axis rotary table adds an an rotary axis to the 3 axial motions, thus permitting interchange of more models and involving higher practices of CNC machining.